6. Language (Hangeul-Korean Alphabet)
In 1443,King Sejong promoted the creation of an alphabet for writing that could simply and accurately convey the sound of the spoken language. Originally known as Hunminjeongeum, or "the correct sounds for the instruction of the people," it is an easy-to-learn phonetic alphabet that enabled the common people to express themselves in writing.
Hangeul, as the alphabet has come to be known, is unique among the world's writing systems as its creation is well documented, including the date it originated and the names of the people who invented it. And it was created without any direct influence from already existing writing systems to become the national written language. Hangeul has contributed greatly to enriching Korean literature.
7. Religion
Freedom of religion is fully guaranteed in the Republic of Korea. There are four broad streams of influence: Shamanism, Buddhism, Confucianism, and Christianity.
Christianity has had a large following in Korea since its introduction from the West in the late 18th century. Catholicism and Protestantism have significantly grown under the influence of Europe and the United States. There are also various minor religions based on various combinations of elements from traditional religions.
8. Population
The Republic of Korea is populated by 48.0 million people as of 2003.
Administratively, Korea consists of nine provinces, one special municipality - Seoul, and the six metropolitan cities of Busan, Daegu, Incheon, Gwangju, Daejon and Ulsan. Seoul, the capital of Korea, is divided into 25gus, or wards.
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